Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases. The primary greenhouse gases responsible for trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. These gases trap heat and prevent it from escaping into space, leading to a warming effect known as the greenhouse effect.



Key contributors to global warming include:


Burning of Fossil Fuels: The combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions. Power plants, industrial facilities, and transportation are significant contributors.


Deforestation: The clearing of forests for agriculture or other purposes reduces the number of trees that can absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. Trees act as carbon sinks, helping to mitigate the impact of greenhouse gas emissions.


Industrial Processes: Certain industrial activities release greenhouse gases as byproducts. For example, the production of cement results in significant CO2 emissions.


Agriculture: Agricultural practices, including livestock farming and rice cultivation, produce methane and nitrous oxide, both potent greenhouse gases.


Waste Management: Landfills and waste treatment processes can release methane as organic waste decomposes.


The consequences of global warming include rising sea levels, more frequent and severe heatwaves, changes in precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, and disruptions to ecosystems. These changes pose significant challenges to human societies, ecosystems, and economies.


Efforts to address global warming include international agreements like the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global temperature increases to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Strategies for mitigation and adaptation involve transitioning to renewable energy sources, increasing energy efficiency, reforestation, sustainable agricultural practices, and developing technologies to capture and store carbon emissions.


It is essential for individuals, communities, businesses, and governments to work collectively to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the changing climate to mitigate the impacts of global warming.